Is there a positive or negative rate of reduction?

There is no positive or negative rate of decline, the rate of increase and decline refers to the rate of growth and decline, growth and decline itself represents the positive and negative, “amplitude” refers to the magnitude, there is no positive or negative distinction. For example, if a country's GDP in 2021 is $6,179.1 billion, a year-on-year decline of 1.5%, this case can be said to have negative GDP growth, with a growth rate of -1.5%, or it can be expressed directly in terms of the rate of decline, which can be said to be a decline of 1.5%.

In addition to the rate of increase and decline, the basic terms commonly used in economics statistics are:

1, base period: the period used as a reference standard when calculating dynamic indicators such as indices or changes in statistics. The specific value that describes the base period is called the base period quantity.

2, the current period: relative to the base period, is compared with the base period of the latter period. Describe the specific value of the current period is called the current period volume.

Take a simple example: in 2016, xiao Ming's annual salary is 2000 yuan, in 2015, xiao Ming's annual salary is 1000 yuan. It can be understood that 2015 compared to 2016 is the base period, 2016 is the current period, 1000 yuan is the base period quantity, 2000 yuan is the current period quantity.

3、Growth: the value of the change of the current period quantity compared to the base period quantity.

4、Growth rate: the growth rate of the current period volume compared to the base period volume, equivalent to the increase, growth rate, growth rate.

5, year-on-year: generally compared with the same period of the previous year.

As a simple example: 2016 earnings of $10 million, an increase of 10% year-on-year. The comparison is with the earnings of the same period in 2015.

6, ring comparison: compared with the adjacent previous period.

For example: earnings of $10 million in May 2016 were up 5% YoY. The comparison is to the April 2016 earnings.

7, Percent: is a percentage without a percent sign, e.g.: n?percent, stands for ?n%. (additive calculation).

For example: the growth rate of 10% in 2016, the growth rate of 5% in 2015, 2016 compared to 2015 increased by 5 percentage points.

8, Deficit: in the balance of payments, the difference between expenditures over income for a given period of time.

Deficit = amount of imports - amount of exports.

9, surplus: in the balance of payments, a certain period of time, the difference between the income is greater than the expenditure.

Surplus = Exports - Imports.